Apple Macintosh PowerBook 190 Series User Manual

Macintosh PowerBook User’s GuideIncludes setup, troubleshooting, and important health-relatedinformation for Macintosh PowerBook 190 series computers

When I try to open a document, a message says the program can’t be found. m The document may have been created with a program that is not on yourhard

Some icons look different from usual. m There may be a problem with the information that the computer uses tokeep track of files. Restart the computer

m If the file is on a floppy disk, the disk may be locked. Unlock the disk bysliding the tab so that it covers the hole at the corner of the disk.m Th

Problems with hardwareFloppy disk driveI can’t eject a floppy disk.m The disk may be stuck. Restart the computer, holding down the button onyour track

Hard diskThe computer won’t start up from the internal hard disk, or the hard disk icon doesn’tappear on the desktop.m There may be a temporary softwa

When I use the trackpad to click or double-click, it does not seem to work.m Make sure your finger is off the trackpad at the end of the motion. If yo

A key won’t stop repeating.m Open Key Caps in the Apple (K) menu. If any keys in the window aredarkened, keys may be stuck down on your keyboard. This

External monitorsThe monitor remains dark. m Shut down the PowerBook, then make sure the monitor is connected to thePowerBook, plugged into an active

The monitor goes dark after a few minutes. m Screen dimming may be turned on. Move the pointer to restore the screen’sbrightness. You can change the i

The printer does not appear in the Chooser.m Make sure you’ve selected the correct kind of printer on the left side of theChooser window. For example,

The illustration on the following page provides an overview of yourMacintosh PowerBook computer. To set up your computer for the first time,you need t

SCSI equipment and SCSI disk modeExternal SCSI equipment doesn’t work, or a hard disk icon does not appear on thedesktop.m Check that all cables are c

m Make sure you are using the correct cable for SCSI disk mode. The HDI-30SCSI Disk Adapter is about 8 inches long, is dark gray, and has 30 pins inth

Problems with equipment connected to your Macintosh PowerBookIf a problem occurs while your Macintosh PowerBook is connected toexternal equipment, suc

Problems with networks and file sharingSolutions to common network problemsIf you are having problems using the network or file sharing, try the follo

Solutions to other network problemsThe computer I want to connect to doesn’t appear in the Chooser. m Make sure the computer you’re trying to connect

A message says that file sharing can’t be turned on. m Make sure AppleTalk is turned on in the Chooser.m Make sure you have at least 1MB of available

The file-sharing section doesn’t appear in the Sharing Setup control panel. m You may have turned off AppleTalk or file sharing using the ExtensionsMa

The modem didn’t dial the phone number.m Check that the phone cord is plugged into the computer and into a workingphone line.m Try dialing the number

This chapter provides a step-by-step approach to diagnosing and solvingsystem software and hard disk problems. Try the steps listed in each sectionin

2 Turn off troublesome extensions using the Extensions Manager control panel.Tips for locating problem extensions:m If you recently installed a new it

MicrophoneO Contrast control¤ Brightness controlPower keyBatteryFloppy disk drivemoduleExpansion bay drivein-use lightTrackpadSpeakerTrackpad button

Testing your hard diskThe following steps will help you determine whether you have a problemwith your hard disk or a problem with the system software

3In the list of drives, click the disk you want to test.4Pull down the Functions menu and choose Test Drive.5When a message tells you that testing is

Reinstalling system softwareWhen should you install system software?Your computer came with all the necessary system software installed on itsinternal

Doing a normal installation of system softwareFollow the steps in this section to do what is commonly called a “normal”installation of system software

10 Click OK.The Easy Install dialog box appears. (The dialog box that appears on yourscreen may not look exactly like this one.)11 Make sure that the

IMPORTANTCertain additional system extensions or application programs thatwere originally on your hard disk may not be installed with the systemsoftwa

3When Disk First Aid has finished checking your hard disk, choose Quit from the File menu.4 Open the Drive Setup program.You use the Drive Setup progr

11 Make sure that the hard disk named in the Destination Disk box is the one on which youwant to install system software.If it isn’t, click Switch Dis

16 When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, you may need toclick Restart. You need to click Restart only if you installe

Doing a custom installation of system softwareFor most Macintosh users, the Easy Install procedure described in theprevious sections is appropriate, b

Plugging in the computerPlugging in the power adapter recharges the computer’s battery. You shouldplug in the power adapter in case the battery has dr

4Scroll through the list of components, clicking the checkbox next to each componentyou want to install.You can see and select individual items within

IIIpartAppendix A Health, Safety, and Maintenance TipsAppendix B Using Your KeyboardAppendix C Installing a RAM Expansion Card

Health-related information about computer useMuscle soreness, eye fatigue, and other discomforts and injuries sometimesassociated with using computers

Musculoskeletal discomfortAs with any activity that involves sitting for long periods of time, using acomputer can make your muscles sore and stiff. T

Eye fatigueEye fatigue can occur whenever the eyes are focused on a nearby object for along time. This problem occurs because the eye muscles must wor

Keyboard and trackpadm When you use the keyboard and trackpad, your shoulders should berelaxed. Your upper arm and forearm should form an approximate

Some computer users may develop discomfort in their hands, wrists, or armsafter intensive work without breaks. If you begin to develop chronic pain or

Built-in displaym Adjust the angle of the display to minimize glare and reflections fromoverhead lights and windows.m You may need to adjust the brigh

Avoiding fatiguem Change your seated position, stand up, or stretch whenever you start to feeltired. Frequent short breaks are helpful in reducing fat

2Plug the power adapter plug into the power adapter port (marked with the icon¯) on theback panel of the computer.Opening the display1Slide the latch

Important care and safety instructionsFor your own safety and that of your equipment, read and follow all theinstructions in this section. Keep these

m Never force a connector into a port. Make sure that the connector matchesthe port and that it’s right side up. If the connector and port do not join

Caring for batteriesm Use only the battery supplied with your computer, or an identical model.Batteries designed for other portable computers may look

Handling floppy disks125° F (52° C)50° F (10° C)Keep disks dry.Do not use apencil or an eraser on a diskor disk label.Store disks attemperaturesbetwee

Traveling with the Macintosh PowerBookIMPORTANTAlways bring either the Disk Tools disk than came with yourPowerBook or a set of system software disks

m Ta ke th e n ecessary plug adapters if you’re traveling overseas. (You mayneed to use them with the power adapter.) You do not need a voltagetrans

International useThe PowerBook AC Adapter can handle a wide range of voltages; a step-down transformer is not required. See the bottom of your power a

The PowerBook 190 series keyboard works in much the same way as thekeyboards on other computers and on electric typewriters. However, there area few s

Special keys on the PowerBook 190 series keyboardArrow keys Move the insertion point, as an alternative to using the pointing device. In some programs

Typing special characters and symbolsYou can type a variety of international and other special symbols andcharacters (including characters with diacri

2Position the display at a comfortable viewing angle. You can adjust the angle of the display at any time by tilting it toward or awayfrom you.3Adjust

If you press the Option key, Key Caps outlines lightly the keys that you canuse in combination with letter keys to type letters with accents or otherd

Special key combinationsIf difficulties with your trackpad or computer don’t allow you to use standardmethods of quitting a program or restarting your

The instructions in this section tell you how to install a RAM expansion cardin your Macintosh PowerBook.Note: Installing a RAM card is a technically

Getting readyYou need the computer, the RAM expansion card, and a screwdriver with aTorx T-8 head. (If one is not provided with your RAM card, you can

Removing the keyboardTo remove the keyboard from the PowerBook, follow these steps:1Shut down the computer.2Disconnect the power adapter cable from t

5 Turn the computer over and unscrew the three screws on the bottom of the computer. These screws can only be loosened with a Torx T-8 screwdriver.Tur

6 Lift up the computer and carefully turn it over to remove the three loosened screws. When the screws drop out, set them aside.151Installing a RAM Ex

7Set the computer down and open the display to its maximum angle.Side view152Appendix C

8Gently lift the side panels of the computer a short distance. Be careful to not to lift too far. A slight lift should raise the keyboard enoughfor yo

9 Carefully pull the keyboard forward to loosen the four tabs at the top. Be very careful toavoid pulling the keyboard out too far. The cable attachin

Turning the computer onTo t ur n on the computer:mPress the Power key (marked with a P) at the upper-right corner of the keyboard.You should hear a to

10 Place a clean, dry cloth over the display to protect it. Place a soft, dry, clean cloth over the display to protect it from scratches.155Installing

11 Lift the keyboard out of its enclosure and place it on the clean, dry cloth covering thedisplay.Again, be very careful to not to lift the keyboard

12 Gently touch the metal surface on the right side of the inside of the computer todischarge any static electric built up on your body.This protects

Installing the RAM expansion cardContinue with the steps in this section to install your RAM expansion card.1If you are replacing a RAM card, lift the

2 Remove the RAM card from its protective package, if necessary, and position it for installation.Hold the card by its edges. Don’t touch the chips, w

4Lay the card flat, then gently press the card into the socket.You need to exert some pressure to insert the card’s connector into the socket.It’s all

Replacing the keyboardBefore you replace the keyboard, make sure the keyboard cables are secure. Ifthe keyboard cables are loose, follow these steps t

1Slide the keyboard forward and position it with the tabs at the top sliding into theenclosure.Hold the keyboard no more than an inch above the enclos

3 Lower the keyboard into place.If part of the keyboard doesn’t lie flat within the enclosure, gently press thatarea down with your hand.4 Remove the

6While holding the keyboard in place, rotate the PowerBook so the that underside facesup, with the display flat against the table surface. Side viewWh

If you are a new Macintosh PowerBook user, follow the instructions in therest of this section. If you have experience using a Macintosh computer, skip

7Gently but firmly hold the keyboard to the other parts of the computer.8While holding the keyboard down, replace the three screws on the bottom of th

Checking to make sure a RAM card is properly installedOnce you have completed the process for installing a RAM expansion card,you can check to make su

AAbout This Macintosh (Apple menu)65, 166accent marks, typing 143–144AC power 73. See also power adapterADB port 51airline travel, security and res

Bbacking upfiles 71preinstalled software 9–15Balloon Help 34basic skills, learning 16–18batteries 73–77caring for 136disposing of 78, 136draine

169Indexconnectors, inserting into port 135conserving battery power 78contrast control 8, 84, 93Control key 142Control panelsEasy Access 98Extens

expansion bay modules 37–40inserting 39locking 40removing 37–39unlocking 38Extensions folder in System Folder88, 106Extensions Manager control pa

hard disk 97, 103lightning bolt 76opening 18, 70PC Card 43PC Card modem 46SCSI 57–58SCSI disk mode 86startup hard disk 18troubleshooting 94un

monitor, externalas extension of PowerBook screen 60connecting 60–63disconnecting 63position of 61, 132troubleshooting 62, 100–101using video mir

power adapter port 4, 51, 76PowerBook 8-Bit Color Video-OutUpgrade Card 60PowerBook Infrared Upgrade Card 65PowerBook Setup control panel 56PowerB

service and repair 84, 134, 140setting up the computer 3–5shared disks 110troubleshooting 107Sharing Setup control panel 106Shift key 142Shortcu

4 Turn to the “Learning the Basics” section later in this chapter.5 Turn to “Making Software Disks,” later in this chapter, as soon as you are done le

troubleshooting 83–110. See alsodiagnostic techniques; errormessagesApple Remote Access 109–100application programs 89–93blank screen 93display 9

The Apple Publishing SystemThis Apple manual was written, edited, and produced on a desktop publishing system usingApple Macintosh computers and Quark

mYou see a picture of a disk with a blinking question mark on the screen.This icon usually means that the computer can’t find system software onthe ha

K Apple Computer, Inc.© 1995 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part,

What is a disk image?A disk image is a discrete electronic representation of each individual installerdisk. The Disk Images folder in the Floppy Disk

Before you start making your disks, you’ll need to decide if you want to makea full set or a minimum set of disks. When you make a full set, you’ll ma

This dialog box will appear every time you start your computer until youmake at least a minimum set of disks. It is very important that you make atlea

As you fill each disk, make a label with the disk name displayed on thescreen. Then immediately put the label on the disk so that you know what itscon

Making individual disksIf you made a minimum set of disks, you can go back and make disks of theremaining disk images on your computer. You do this by

4Click Add.The folder (or individual disk) appears in the list to the right under “Diskimages to be copied.”Repeat steps 3 and 4 until all the softwar

Learning the basicsIf you are new to the Macintosh, you should begin by looking at the easy-to-use program called the Macintosh Tutorial. The tutorial

2Move your finger on the trackpad so that the tip of the arrow (8) points to the questionmark in the upper-right portion of the screen.3With the tip o

Reviewing the basicsThe following illustration summarizes many of the basic skills and terms youlearned from the tutorial.18Chapter 1To throw away an

Turning the computer offYou can turn your computer off using either the Power key or the Shut Downcommand. Detailed instructions follow.Turning the c

iiiCommunications regulation information viPart I1Getting Started 1Plugging in the computer 3Opening the display 4Tur ning the com

4While holding down the trackpad button, move the arrow down the list of choices untilthe words “Shut Down” are highlighted, then release the button.T

Other ways of putting your computer to sleepYou can also use any of the following alternate methods to put your computerto sleep:m Choose the Sleep co

For more information, see the “Batteries & Power” topic of Macintosh Guide,available in the Guide (h) menu. (You can learn about using MacintoshGu

You can also restart the computer using the Restart command.m Choose Restart from the Special menu.If the word “Special” does not appear at the top of

Where to find answersWhen you have questions about using your Macintosh, there are several placesyou can look for answers.In this book Use this book t

TheGuide menu is your main source of information when you’re workingwith your computer. The menu is identified by a question mark (h) in theupper-righ

Getting answers to your questionsWhen you have a question while working with your computer, you can get theanswer by choosing Macintosh Guide from the

3Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For.Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information:mTopicslet

2Click “Setting Options” in the list of topics.When you click any topic area, a list of related questions appears on the rightside of the Macintosh Gu

Getting answers with the Index button1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Index button.An alphabetical list of subjects appears on the left side

2Getting Help 25Getting answers to your questions 26Identifying objects on the screen 34Learning useful shortcuts 353Using Expansi

4Click the question “How do I change the background pattern?” and then click OK. Ordouble-click the question.A small window appears with instructions

Getting answers with the Look For button1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Look For button.A small box appears on the left side of the window,

4Click the question “How do I change the beep sound?” and then click OK. Or double-click the question.A small window appears with instructions for you

Tips for using Macintosh GuideHere are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively:m Macintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder

Identifying objects on the screenSometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself,“What’s that?” You can get an answer by using

Learning useful shortcutsYou can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboardor mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking

2Click one of the category buttons.Another window appears, describing shortcuts for that category.3 Read about the shortcuts available for the categor

37Read this chapter for information onusing expansion bay modulesand PC Cards.Using expansion bay modulesThe floppy disk drive in your Macintosh Power

2If a floppy disk is inserted in the module, click its icon to select it and drag its icon to theTrash (or choose Put Away from the File menu).If you

4Hold the module by the gripping surface and pull it out of the computer.IMPORTANTYou should not remove an expansion bay module if it is in use oryou

vContentsPart II7Tips and Troubleshooting 83When you have questions 83When you run into trouble 83Problems starting up the computer

Locking an expansion bay moduleYou can purchase a security cable and lock to protect your MacintoshPowerBook. With a lock, you can do the following:m

Using PC Cards (PCMCIA cards)PC Cards (also known as PCMCIA cards) are about the size of a thick creditcard and have a 68-pin connector at one end. Th

To i n se r t a card, do this:mInsert the card, connector first and label up, into the slot. Make sure the card is level.A Type III PC Card must be i

Yo u ’ ll feel some resistance as you slide the card in. When the card is firmlyseated, you hear a click.An icon for the PC Card appears on the deskto

Other ways to eject a cardWhen the computer is turned on, you can also do any of the following:m Click the card’s icon to select it, then pull down th

If you can’t eject a cardIf you are unable to eject a card using any of the methods described, followthese steps:1Shut down the computer.2 Straighten

Using a PC Card modemWhen you are using a PC Card modem, make sure you do the following:1Install the communications software you want to use.PC Card m

Using eWorld with a PC Card modemFollow these steps when using eWorld with a PC Card modem. You can alsouse these steps as a guideline for setting up

Using Apple Remote Access with a PC Card modemApple Remote Access uses modem files (sometimes called connection scriptsor CCLs) to get the best perfor

Using AppleLink with a PC Card modemTo us e Ap pleLink with a PC Card modem, follow these steps:1 Insert your PC Card modem.2 Open the AppleLink Conne

Appendix B Using Your Keyboard 141Typi ng s p ecial characters and symbols 143Special key combinations 145Appendix C Installing a RAM E

7Choose Serial Tool from the Method pop-up menu.8Select the Upper Slot or Lower Slot icon in the Current Port window. If your modem is not currently i

51Read this chapter for information onexpanding your computer systemwith additional hardware.The illustration below shows where equipment should be co

Additional information is provided in this chapter for adding the followingdevices to your computer system:m printersm external modemsm SCSI devicesm

Connecting an external modemYou can use a PC Card modem in your computer’s PC Card slot. Forinformation on connecting and using a PC Card modem, see t

Connecting SCSI devicesA SCSI device is any product—including hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives,and scanners—that communicates with your computer by mea

Where to add cable terminators when connecting a single SCSI device:Where to add cable terminators when connecting two or more SCSI devices:Using your

Connecting your computer as a hard diskBefore making any connections, you need to assign a unique SCSI ID numberto the PowerBook. (The unique ID numbe

10 If there are no SCSI devices currently connected to the other computer, attach a SCSIsystem cable to the other computer. Make sure you have a termi

13 Turn on the other SCSI devices in the chain, if any.14 Turn on the other computer.The PowerBook appears as a hard disk icon on the screen of the co

Quitting SCSI disk mode1Shut down the computer your PowerBook is connected to.2Hold down the Power (P) key on the PowerBook until the computer shuts d

viiCommunications Regulation InformationCommunications regulation informationFCC statementThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the

Connecting an external monitorIMPORTANTYou must install a video-out upgrade card to use an externalmonitor with your Macintosh PowerBook. Contact your

2Place the monitor where you will be using it.Keep the computer and the monitor at least eight inches apart. Interferencebetween the monitor and your

5Attach the video adapter to the video port (marked with the icon ™) on the computer’sback panel.6 Turn on the external monitor.7Press the Power (P) k

Disconnecting an external monitor1Make sure your computer is shut down or in sleep.2Make sure your monitor is switched off.3Disconnect the video adapt

Connecting sound output devicesYour computer has a built-in microphone to the lower right of the display. Forinformation on using the microphone to re

Connecting other devicesFor instructions on connecting a device not discussed in this chapter—forexample, an external input device (such as a mouse) o

Using Software HighlightsYour Macintosh PowerBook comes with some great software already installedthat includes such programs and features as:m Claris

To get started with your software, follow these steps:1 Open the Macintosh HD icon.A window similar to this appears.2Double-click the Software Highlig

Getting help for application programsSome application programs that come on your Macintosh PowerBook (forinstance, PowerTalk and File Assistant) are d

Working with several programs at a timeYou can open as many application programs and desk accessories as yourcomputer’s memory allows.All open program

DOC statementDOC Class B Compliance This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radionoise emissions from digital apparatus as set o

Hiding and showing windows on the desktopYou can hide all windows except those of the active program by choosingHide Others from the Application menu.

Power sourcesYour computer can draw its operating power from two different sources.mMain batteryYour computer came with a nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH)b

Responding to low-power messagesWhen the battery runs low, the computer displays a series of low-powermessages. The work time remaining after you see

IMPORTANTRecharge a depleted battery as soon as possible. Leaving adepleted battery in the computer for a length of time (especially in a hotlocation,

Recharging the batteryTo recharge the battery in your computer, plug in the power adapter. (Do notuse an external recharger, even one designed for ano

Removing or replacing the batteryTo remove or replace the battery, follow these steps.1Save your work, and then choose Shut Down or Sleep from the Spe

6If you are inserting another battery, remove the battery cap from the new battery toexpose the contacts, then slide it into the battery compartment.Y

About lithium ion replacement batteriesYou can purchase an optional lithium ion (LiIon) battery as an extra orreplacement for the standard NiMH batter

IIpartChapter 7 Tips and TroubleshootingChapter 8 Diagnostic Techniques

IpartChapter 1 Getting StartedChapter 2 Getting HelpChapter 3 Using Expansion Bay Modules and PC CardsChapter 4 Connecting Additional EquipmentChapter

When you have questionsIf you want to know how to do a particular task with your computer, referto Macintosh Guide in the Guide (h) menu. For instruct

This chapter and Chapter 8 describe solutions to problems you mayexperience with your computer. If the suggestions in these two chapters don’tsolve yo

The computer makes an unusual sound at startup.m If you hear an unfamiliar startup sound, start up the computer with theDisk Tools disk that came with

The computer starts up, but the desktop (or Floppy Disk Maker screen) doesn’t appear.m The screen brightness may be turned down. Adjust the brightness

The computer displays a flashing question mark icon. m This icon usually means that the computer can’t find system softwareon any disks attached to th

When the computer starts up, a message says there is not enough memory.m There may not be enough memory to load all the system softwareextensions you’

When the computer starts up, no icons appear in the windows, and the pointer alternatesbetween an arrow and a wristwatch, or an empty flashing box app

The computer exhibits odd behavior, such as many unexplained system failures.m Check for multiple System Folders on your startup disk, using the Find

A program won’t open.m The application program may already be open. Check the Applicationmenu to see what programs are running.m There may not be enou

A message says there is not enough memory.m There may be a temporary software problem. Save your work, quit all openprograms, and restart the computer