Apple Mac OS X Server Command-Line Specifications download pdf (Page 19)

Use this chapter to learn about using the command-line by

typing in commands.

You can use the command-line environment in Mac OS X and Mac OS X Server

interactively by typing a command and waiting for a result, or you can use the shell

to compose scripts that run without direct interaction. This chapter discusses using

the command-line environment interactively.

For more information about using a particular shell interactively, see the man page for

that shell.

Standard Pipes

Many commands can receive text input from the user and print text to the console.

They do so using standard pipes, which are automatically created by the shell and

passed to the command.

Standard pipes include:

Â stdin—The standard input pipe is where command input enters a command.

By default, the user enters input from the command-line interface. You can redirect

the output from les or other commands to stdin.

Â stdout—The standard output pipe is where command output is sent. By default,

command output is sent to the command line. You can redirect the output from the

command line to other commands and tools.

Â stderr—The standard error pipe is where error messages are sent. By default, errors

are displayed on the command line along with standard output.

Using the Command-Line Shell

Interactively

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Apple Mac OS X Server Command-Line Specifications Page 19